Magnetic field measuring system and current retrieval in artificially triggering lightning experiment. Characteristics of lightning activity in the central region of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its response to the convective available potential energy. Response of global lightning activity to air temperature variation. Electric field soundings and the charge structure within an isolated thunderstorm. Charge structures and cloud-to-ground lightning discharges characteristics in two supercell thunderstorms. Polarity inverted intracloud discharges and the electric charge structure of thunderstorm. Broadband interferometer observations of a triggered lightning. In addition, the GJ event in this study is located beyond the effective coverage area (30°S–30°N) of the ISUAL instruments onboard the FORMOSAT II satellite, and results of this study could be useful for GJ studies in the future.ĭong W S, Zhang Y J, Liu X X. It is interesting that two different storms produced two types of TLEs, that is, the GJ-producing storm only produced one GJ event during its lifetime and five sprites were produced over another storm, different from the other study that sprites and GJs were usually produced by the same storm, enriched the knowledge of GJ-producing storms. Different from results from other countries that positive CGs (Cloud-to-ground lightnings) dominated during a time period centered at GJ, our study shows that negative CGs dominated during a time period centered at the GJ event and during most of the storm lifetime in this study, indicating a diversity of the lightning activity in the GJ-producing storms. Altitudes with reflectivity of 45 dBZ were estimated to reach 12–14 km. The GJ-producing storm was a multi-cell thunderstorm and the GJ event occurred in the storm developing stage, with the lowest cloud-top brightness temperature about −73☌ and the maximum radar echo top around 17 km. The top altitude of this GJ was estimated to be about 89 km. It is by far the furthest from the equator ground-based GJ recorded over summer thunderstorm. We report a GJ event that was clearly recorded in eastern China (storm center located at 35.6°N,119.8☎, near the Huanghai Sea) at 20:16:22 (local time) on 12 August, 2010. Compared with the other transient luminous events (TLEs), gigantic jet is very difficult to be seen from the ground. It connects the thunderstorms and ionosphere directly. Gigantic jet (GJ) is a type of large-scaled transient discharge which occurs above thunderstorms.
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